Overview of Competing Battery Technologies Influencing the EV Industry

Emerging Battery Technologies: Startups are innovating battery technologies using materials like sodium and sulfur to reduce costs and reliance on critical minerals for electric vehicles (EVs).

Current Market Landscape: China dominates global battery production, controlling 85% of cell production and 90% of raw material processing for lithium-ion batteries.

Battery Types Overview: Various battery types are in use or development, including lead, nickel-cadmium, lithium-ion, sodium-ion, and solid-state batteries, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages.

Future Prospects: New technologies such as lithium-sulfur and LNMO promise higher energy densities and reduced reliance on scarce materials, but many are still under development and not expected to be commercially available until 2028.